The Hidden Challenge in Alcohol and Drug Abuse

 

Alcohol and drugs are essential to my creative process” is a thought, sometimes a confession made, usually privately, by millions of creative people, many of them at the pinnacle of success in their fields. Yet, I have heard very little serious discussion by substance abuse professionals about the profound implications of this phenomenon.

Some say that psychoactive drugs will be with us forever and maybe they will. However, my life improved immensely and was probably saved by my liberating myself from the pleasures, enthusiastic bursts of creativity and agonies of alcohol and smoke.

In fact, our society has declared a “war” on drugs and a sort of “police action” on alcohol. Humorous, isn’t it since far more damage is done in the aggregate by alcohol than by all other drugs combined? As a society we believe that we must solve this catastrophic problem; or at least understand it enough so that we reduce the destructive pressure on our culture. Having come from a family of beautiful people who have been tragically impacted by alcohol and other drugs, I have had an intense interest in how and why this disaster happened to my dearest loves and beyond that to our civilization as a whole. What is the most effective way to heal the damage already done and reduce the problem in the future?

This led me into one of the most fascinating investigations of my life. I delved deeply into all of the conventional wisdom I could find… and I did most of my investigation while continuing to drink and smoke. I was what you call a highly functional substance abuser. In fact, my problem was never diagnosed by a professional or even a friend. I had to come to the realization that I had a substance abuse problem through self study.

Self study which involved a lot of EEG biofeedback and meditation.

In the course of these studies I had what I think is at least a relatively original insight. This insight enabled me to walk away from the substances that had become so integrated with my own intellectual, creative, even spiritual life. This personal discovery made by many millions of others before me was that I must quit all by myself. Another critical aspect of the discovery provided the burning sense of mission required to be successful as well as the realization that I must discover how to do this as though it was being done for the first time ever. The path to success came to me in a number of progressive meditative reveries.

The kind of energy needed to go deeply within the mind (meditation-contemplation) is constantly dissipated by psychoactive drugs. This means that the very energy needed to “make one’s life work”, to get work done, to be innovative and to have the sensitivity to make one’s relationships better is absent. For me, the concept of meditation, profound attention learning…entering deeply into the creative process, became so incredibly alluring that I realized I had to quit because that is the only way to get the energy and sensitivity needed for the next stages of this immense journey.

Although I have discussed this concept with a number of substance abuse colleagues, the response is (with a few exceptions) usually cool and even uneasy as though admitting that alcohol and other drugs can actually stimulate the creative process will unleash the forces of hell.

Yet, I believe that until we recognize the power that alcohol and other drugs has to influence creativity in the normal human being and offer another, superior way to stimulate and lubricate the creative mind we are fighting our war on drugs with water pistols.

More info :  The Hidden Challenge in Alcohol and Drug Abuse

The History of Muscle Dysfunction and SEMG

 Jeffrey R. Cram, PhD and Maya Durie, MEd, CMT

Abstract

The history of muscle pain and dysfunction is viewed through the lens of a four factor theory of histologic (tissue related) issues, psychologic (emotional) issues, sensory motor (movement) issues and biomechanical (postural) issues. The historical antecedents of both bodywork and surface electromyography are reviewed.

Key words: Surface EMG, SEMG, bodywork, trigger points, posture, emotions, movement.

Note: Parts of this article have appeared in The History of SEMG, Jour App Psychophys and Biof, In Press.

Humans have had to deal with sore muscles since the beginning of time. Initially, muscle assessments and treatments were conducted by hand and during the last century, the use of electronic instruments came into play.

To put muscle function and the clinical use of Surface electromyography (SEMG) into a perspective of history, is seems prudent to utilize a broad nomothetic net or conceptual framework. In Clinical Applications for Surface Electromyography, Kasman, Cram and Wolf (1998) consider chronic muscle dysfunction from a four fold perspective: Histologic (Tissue related issues); Psychologic (Psychophysiology and Emotions), Sensorimotor (Movement) and Mechanical Dysfunction (Cumulative Trauma, Posture etc). In this article we will provide a brief historical overview related to each of these four areas. This will provide a deep background for the emergence of the clinical use of SEMG, including information on the history of body work, psychophysiology, rehabilitation and the emergence of electricity and SEMG instrumentation.

Tissue Related Issues

We will begin with issues pertaining to the tissues of the body. The muscle, as an organ system, contains many sensory mechanisms. The muscle spindles tell the nervous system about the instantaneous length and force of contraction of segments of muscle tissue. The golgi tendon organ measures the actual force which the muscle is exerting and the rufini nucleus of the joints informs the nervous system of the relationship of angles of the bones. However, it is the free nerve ending within the muscle that senses local pain. And it is metabolic disturbances such as too much (lactic) acid or too much internal pressure due to swelling, congestion or edema, which activate the free nerve ending.

From a clinical point of view, up until the last two centuries, palpation and observations about movement and posture were the only tools available for assessing muscle oriented pain. Through the manual sense of touch, the practitioner can learn to feel many things. Is the muscle tissue hard to the touch? Does it feel stiff? Does it have lumps, tough fibers, etc. or is it soft, supple and relaxed? What does the fascia feel like? Is there a normal cranial-sacral rhythm? As you move the body passively through its range of motion, does it seem restricted suggesting a shortened muscle resting length? During active movement, does it appear that the body is using the correct muscles for the movement or is there a substitution pattern? Is the patient afraid of movement due to pain? Has a trauma become lodged in the nervous system or even the muscle tissue itself? Can one see or feel problems with ligament laxities or joint fixations? These are just some of the examples of questions we want to address, both by hand and by instrument. . Thus, one could think of body work as a means to help normalize the disturbance of tissue that might foster and create muscle pain and SEMG as an instrumented way of assessing some of these conditions.

More Info :  The History of Muscle Dysfunction and SEMG

The Marriage of Technology and Consciousness

R. Adam Crane BCIA, ACN, NRNP

The following chapter is excerpted by permission from Mr. Crane’s forthcoming book.

What is “R – Tech” (Relationship Technology) and Consciousness Processing Technology? What are the implications for Neurofeedback, Biofeedback, Applied Psychophysiology, the evolution of science, our individual and collective mental health?

August 10, 1994 I had the opportunity to present at the Forum co sponsored by the Wisdom Society and the Reuben H. Fleet Space Theater and Science Center. The Forum was conceived as an opportunity to exchange ideas on “The Place of Science and Technology in our Culture”.

Since I feel that the material that emerged in that presentation may be useful to others and (all things being relative) I feel the evening went well, I would like to offer this edited version of that talk.

We intend to communicate with each other at the highest level we can and to create an atmosphere that is as conducive as possible to individual and group creative thinking. Together we make up a kind of mind field (not mine field I hope). If it is true that the learning is the doing and multi sensory, multi dimensional awareness is part of the technology of consciousness, perhaps we can practice these principles as we work together. Then possibly something altogether unexpected, creative may emerge.

May I suggest that as you read this you experiment with me? You will probably be more comfortable and get more out of this short time together if you scan your body, notice if you are holding your shoulders up, look for unnecessary muscle tension, breathe normally, deeply and comfortably. Be aware of all that you can in the room. Loose your belt if it is too tight. Breathing should be relaxed and deep and your stomach should be free to move in and out. If you have eaten or you are tired and feel like taking a nap or even meditating and you close your eyes, be as aware as you can of what is going on around you and within you.

As you are able, please watch the thoughts and feelings that arise inside you (and outside too) as we work together in a spirit of play. To paraphrase Marshal McLuhan, “Those who think education and entertainment are two different things probably do not understand either one very well”. Parts of this discussion may be difficult, controversial, even fun. What is most important is to watch your feelings arise and change.

I would like to examine one of the greatest (depending on how you define technology) perhaps the greatest challenge humanity faces.

In October of 1970 one of my best friends died of cancer. Tom was only 41. Afterwards I took a long weekend at our little country house in Rhinebeck, New York. I had spent a rather dreamy day sitting by the lake contemplating The Big Picture. Dagne, my wife, suggested that I read a magazine article entitled “Alpha, The Wave of the Future”. I promptly read it because I had learned that she had an uncanny way of planting very good ideas in my mind at just the right time.

During the next twenty four-hours I had a kind of classic creative experience. Decades of contemplation and thought seemed to converge with a euphoric, laser like intensity. It seemed as though one of the greatest scientific and spiritual stories of our time was creating itself before my eyes. And I was being invited to immerse myself in an almost unimaginably great work.

The next day I entered full time into what has turned out to be an astonishing, scientific art form, a business and a series of adventures leading me to this discussion here with you. I sold my old business and plunged headlong into the strange, paradoxical, controversial field soon to be called by inadequate terms like Biofeedback, Applied Psychophysiology and Instrument Assisted Transactional Psychophysiology. I like to think of it as.

More Info :  The Marriage of Technology and Consciousness

Biofeedback, Medical or Educational? | Biofeedback Equipment

Is biofeedback medical or educational?

Biofeedback equipment has been around since the 1960s, yet some people still don’t know about it.

Being able to use technology to help learn control over physiology has almost endless applications.

Many people have been working hard for a long time to make biofeedback more accepted by the medical system.  There are physical medical applications like tension and migraine headaches, neck pain, back pain, other types of chronic pain, muscle spasm, hypertension, and asthma.  There are also mental health applications like ADHD, anxiety, PTSD, and depression.

The Biofeedback Certification International Alliance (BCIA) provides certification for those meeting their established requirements including education, experience, mentoring, and a written exam to evidence their qualifications to provide biofeedback professionally.  The Association for Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback is a professional association for people who provide biofeedback.  They offer education, hold an annual conference, and publish a magazine and scientific journal as well as books on the subject.  All of this has helped biofeedback to become accepted by the physical and medical fields to a degree.  Many of us in the field of biofeedback are still disappointed in the reluctance of some insurance companies to reimburse health care professionals for providing biofeedback to their clients.  This sometimes discourages people from providing biofeedback in their practices purely financial reasons.  I have actually had doctors tell me that they believe biofeedback is really good for their patients but they aren’t doing it because one of the main insurance carriers their patients have doesn’t reimburse for it.  This is a shame.  If a therapy is effective, healthcare providers should be able to be paid for providing it.  This fight continues.

Another way to look at how biofeedback equipment is used is as education which can happen outside of the medical world.  We use technology to learn all of the time.  We use technology to help other people learn.  What if you are using technology to help someone learn about their physiology?  That is what we are doing with biofeedback.  This can open up a whole other world outside of the medical field.  If you are not treating a clinical, diagnosable, physical or mental health condition then you can use biofeedback to teach someone an increased level of control over things like their breathing, muscle tension, heart rate, skin temperature, or even brain wave activity.  It is still powerful but it doesn’t have to be medical.  It can actually be fun and rewarding to learn this kind of control.  It doesn’t only have to be used for someone who has something “wrong with them”.  People do pay for education.  Even if health care insurance doesn’t pay for biofeedback there are still ways to get paid for providing it.  Coaching or teaching using biofeedback equipment as an educational tool and charging a fee for it is a business model that can work well.  It is also a way that people can access biofeedback learning without having to do it through the medical world.

So, the answer is that biofeedback is both medical and education.  It all depends on how it is being used.  In reality, it is an educational tool that can be used as a medical intervention.

Harry L. Campbell

914-762-4646 – Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com, Youtube.com

Biofeedback Resources International Corp.

More Read :  Biofeedback, Medical or Educational? | Biofeedback Equipment

Less Stress for the Holidays

The start of the holiday season is upon us.  This should be a wonderful time to look forward to and yet many people experience this as one of the most stressful times of the year.  What makes it stressful? The crowds and expense of shopping, the traffic, spending time with people who get on your nerves – shall I go on?  I’m sure you could easily add to my list.

What can you do to make it less stressful?

Give thanks. The season starts with the Thanksgiving holiday.  Take some time to actually give thanks for all of the things that you are blessed with.  All of us kind find at least a few things to be thankful for.  Here is a list of things you can pick through to find something that applies to you:

A place to live

Food to eat

A job

Family

Friends

Good Health

Sight

Clothes to wear

A car or bus or train fare

The ability to walk

Now I know there may be some who don’t have all of these things but I believe that there are few who don’t have at least one.

Spend some time thinking about what the holidays are supposed to be about.

You may get the opportunity to see some people that you hardly ever see.  Even if you don’t always get along great take it for what it is worth and find something enjoyable about spending time with them.  Remember the holidays don’t last forever.  It will soon be over and we all get back to our regular lives starting off a new year.  Don’t make it bigger than it is.

Remember to breathe.  If you start to feel stressed find a place you can be alone for a few minutes and take a few slow deep breaths to take the edge off and then rejoin the group.

If you set your mind to enjoy the holidays you probably will.

More Info : Less Stress for the Holidays

Attention Or Sleep, Problems with Sleep related to ADHD

 

You wouldn’t want to have to make that choice for children.  Many children diagnosed with ADHD are prescribed medications to help with the symptoms.  Some popular medications in use are Ritalin, Concerta and Adderall.  These medications are helping some people.  The drug companies themselves are listing sleep problems as a possible side effect.

According to a November 23, 2015 online article in Pediatrics, research analysis led by Katherine Kidwell of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln found that children given stimulants tended to have sleep problems more often.  One of the studies compared the sleep of children given methylphenidate (generic Ritalin) with children given a placebo.  The children who took the generic Ritalin slept an average of 20 minutes less per night.  They also found that taking a stimulant medication more often during the day caused a child to take longer to fall asleep at night.

Dr. Trevor Resnick, who is chief of pediatric neurology at Nicklaus Children’s  Hospital in Miami says that it is extremely important  that all children get a good night’s sleep for healthy brain development.  It is his belief that only a small percentage of children will develop problems related to ADHD medications though.

I believe based on experience and reading that many attention problems may be due to poor sleep.  If the brain is tired it is not going to work as efficiently.  It is harder to learn, focus, and pay attention when you are sleep deprived.  Some problems are due to children not getting enough sleep.  This can be caused by going to bed too late.  As Dr. Michael Thompson of the ADD Centre in Toronto Canada says, another problem is that before many kids go to bed they are watching stimulating TV programs and playing stimulating video games.  When they finally do go to bed their brains are still too stimulated for quality sleep for some time.  Most children also have to wake up very early to get to school on time.  That doesn’t help things either.  Now this research review is showing that the medications intended to improve attention and hyperactivity symptoms may cause sleep problems in some of the children they are intended to help.

Many parents are now seeking alternatives methods of helping their children with ADHD symptoms.  Neurofeedback therapy is one option.   Neurofeedback uses EEG biofeedback instruments that measure and feedback the electrical signals from the brain.  The information is fed back in a way that helps a person learn how to regulate their brain activity.  Some of the brainwaves are slower like the ones that are present more during sleep.  Others are faster like the ones present more while solving a math problem.  The power of these waves are sometimes out of balance in people with ADHD.  Neurofeedback can help a person learn how to rebalance these brainwaves.  This can lead to improvement in symptoms.

More Read This Blog :  Attention Or Sleep, Problems with Sleep related to ADHD

For listings of certified neurofeedback providers visit www.bcia.org and click on the consumers tab and select find a practitioner.   If you are interested in becoming a provider you can visit our website and start by taking a free online introduction to neurofeedback course here: http://biofeedbackinternational.com/free.htm

 

Harry L. Campbell

President, Biofeedback Resources International

www.biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of the book “What Stress Can Do”

www.createspace.com/3839220

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/BiofeedbackResources

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Biofeedback-Resources-International-Corp/118594803123

How Biofeedback Training Reduces Stress

The Problem of Stress

Biofeedback training is an effective method for reducing the negative effects of stress.  There are many sources of stress including politics, natural disasters, terrorist acts, work, family, and financial problems, and traffic.  In this world of 24 hour TV and radio news plus news on our computers, we are constantly bombarded with stressful, negative information.  If that wasn’t enough we have smart phones, tablets, and smart watches with us at all times to make sure that we don’t miss anything.  Wherever we are we can stay up on what is happening.  Besides the information we get from news sources, we also get blogs and podcasts.  In addition to these stress sources, the people who we interact with who cause us stress are able to call, text, or email us 24 hours a day 7 days a week, 365 days a year.

Biofeedback Training Method of Reducing Stress

People need methods of reducing the negative effects of stress.  Many of the solutions that are offered are medications.  Even when they are effective they often come with unwanted side-effects.  Thankfully there are some non-drug methods of reducing stress.  Biofeedback training is one such method.  Biofeedback instruments measure muscle tension, skin temperature, skin conductance (sweat), breathing, heart rate, and brainwave activity.  With biofeedback training people learn to control the way their body reacts to stress by viewing a biofeedback device while they practice relaxation exercises.

Where can you get biofeedback training?

Biofeedback Training New York is available through some healthcare professionals like psychologists, psychiatrists, mental health counselors, social workers, physical therapists, and nurses.

Continue Reading This Blog :  How Biofeedback Training Reduces Stress

Best Stress Booksfor Black People

Is there a need for a stress management book for black people?

There are plenty of books on stress management.  They should be good enough for everyone no matter what color right?  Stress is stress and how to reduce the negative effects should be the same for everyone, you would think.

There are a lot of differences in our backgrounds, cultures, experiences, and environments.  Some of these have nothing to do with the color of our skin and some do.

Some of the sources of stress for black people are the same as they are for other races.  Some of them are very different.  For people who are not black it is often hard to understand those stresses that seem to be unique to the race.  Some of the stressors are relatively small like other people being obviously uncomfortable getting on an elevator with you.  Others are much bigger like being racially profiled and being stopped for driving while black, being arrested, or shot unjustly.   Black people also are stressed due to discrimination related to education, employment, banking, and housing.

Not only are the sources of stress often different, the negative effects may also be more dangerous for black people.  The average book about stress doesn’t address these issues.

An example of a subtle educational source of stress is that most of the history taught about black people starts with slavery.  What a downer!  Black people are taught that they were stolen from Africa and placed into slavery.  Finally due to the kindness of some nice white people including Abraham Lincoln they were freed.  This does nothing good for self-esteem.  People from other cultures are often taught much more positive things about the history of their people.  They are usually taught about what their ancestors did in the countries they came from and why they came to America.  For black people there seems to be no history before slavery except that our ancestors came from Africa.  Even the way Africa is portrayed is negative.  We were fed images of jungles and savages with no organization or civilization.  Africa is talked about as though it is a single country when it is a continent made up of more than 50 countries today.  There is so much more for black students to learn about Africa, the specific countries, the history, people, inventors, scholars civilizations, etc. that would improve the self-confidence and self-worth of black people.  Not having that information is a source of stress.  Looking at other people and learning positive things about their history and cultures but not your own can make you feel less than other people.  There is no surprise that many people believe that this is all by design.  Books like The Mis-education of the Negro by Carter G. Woodson discuss this.

Read This Blog :  Best Stress Books

Stress Management Book for Black People

 Is there a need for a stress management book for black people?

There are plenty of books on stress management.  They should be good enough for everyone no matter what color right?  Stress is stress and how to reduce the negative effects should be the same for everyone, you would think.

There are a lot of differences in our backgrounds, cultures, experiences, and environments.  Some of these have nothing to do with the color of our skin and some do.

Some of the sources of stress for black people are the same as they are for other races.  Some of them are very different.  For people who are not black it is often hard to understand those stresses that seem to be unique to the race.  Some of the stressors are relatively small like other people being obviously uncomfortable getting on an elevator with you.  Others are much bigger like being racially profiled and being stopped for driving while black, being arrested, or shot unjustly.   Black people also are stressed due to discrimination related to education, employment, banking, and housing.

Not only are the sources of stress often different, the negative effects may also be more dangerous for black people.  The average book about stress doesn’t address these issues.

An example of a subtle educational source of stress is that most of the history taught about black people starts with slavery.  What a downer!  Black people are taught that they were stolen from Africa and placed into slavery.  Finally due to the kindness of some nice white people including Abraham Lincoln they were freed.  This does nothing good for self-esteem.  People from other cultures are often taught much more positive things about the history of their people.  They are usually taught about what their ancestors did in the countries they came from and why they came to America.  For black people there seems to be no history before slavery except that our ancestors came from Africa.  Even the way Africa is portrayed is negative.  We were fed images of jungles and savages with no organization or civilization.  Africa is talked about as though it is a single country when it is a continent made up of more than 50 countries today.  There is so much more for black students to learn about Africa, the specific countries, the history, people, inventors, scholars civilizations, etc. that would improve the self-confidence and self-worth of black people.  Not having that information is a source of stress.  Looking at other people and learning positive things about their history and cultures but not your own can make you feel less than other people.  There is no surprise that many people believe that this is all by design.  Books like The Mis-education of the Negro by Carter G. Woodson discuss this.

It is important for black people to address and manage their stress because we are more susceptible to some of the illnesses that are thought to be stress related like hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes.  A book directly dealing with the unique sources and results of stress and ways to address them in a way that is culturally sensitive and effective way by black people and for black people is needed.  There may be some already and I think there is room for another one.  I have work to do.

Harry L. Campbell

914-762-4646 – Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com

Biofeedback Resources International Corp.

More Info : Biofeedback for Psychologists

How Biofeedback Training Reduces Stress

The Problem of Stress

Biofeedback training is an effective method for reducing the negative effects of stress.  There are many sources of stress including politics, natural disasters, terrorist acts, work, family, and financial problems, and traffic.  In this world of 24 hour TV and radio news plus news on our computers, we are constantly bombarded with stressful, negative information.  If that wasn’t enough we have smart phones, tablets, and smart watches with us at all times to make sure that we don’t miss anything.  Wherever we are we can stay up on what is happening.  Besides the information we get from news sources, we also get blogs and podcasts.  In addition to these stress sources, the people who we interact with who cause us stress are able to call, text, or email us 24 hours a day 7 days a week, 365 days a year.

Biofeedback Training Method of Reducing Stress

People need methods of reducing the negative effects of stress.  Many of the solutions that are offered are medications.  Even when they are effective they often come with unwanted side-effects.  Thankfully there are some non-drug methods of reducing stress.  Biofeedback training is one such method.  Biofeedback instruments measure muscle tension, skin temperature, skin conductance (sweat), breathing, heart rate, and brainwave activity.  With biofeedback training people learn to control the way their body reacts to stress by viewing a biofeedback device while they practice relaxation exercises.

Where can you get biofeedback training?

Biofeedback training is available through some healthcare professionals like psychologists, psychiatrists, mental health counselors, social workers, physical therapists, and nurses.

You can find a good biofeedback provider by searching the directories of your local regional biofeedback society or association.  Go to www.aapb.org  which is the website for the Association for Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback.  They have a list of biofeedback providers there as well as a list of regional biofeedback societies or chapters.  You can also check to see if they are certified by the BCIA (Biofeedback Certification International Alliance) on the www.bcia.org website.  Although this certification does not guarantee excellence it does indicate that the provider has met a minimum requirement of education, biofeedback training, experience, mentoring, and that they have passed an exam.  I recommend that if a person is interested in doing biofeedback training that they first visit a trained healthcare provider who offers biofeedback training.  The professional can perform a proper psychophysiological stress profile assessment to find out which biofeedback modality will be most appropriate for the person.  They then can give them professionally supervised biofeedback training in their office.  Once they learn the basics and make some progress in learning biofeedback the professional can recommend a home device that the person can use to continue their biofeedback training at home.

More Info :  How Biofeedback Training Reduces Stress

Theoretical Implications of Neurofeedback Integrating Bowen Theory

 

Theoretical Implications of Neurofeedback Integrating Bowen Theory

Andrea Maloney-Schara, LCSWA

11/4/97

Simple statements often conceal a great deal of complexity. The notion that the brain learns from experience is one such statement. The brain develops the internal connections by fitting with the external world. Learning then can be defined as the struggle to make sense of human interactions. The efforts to integrate feeling and thinking, or values and impulses, are what gives each person their own unique self. Reflecting on much of life’s experience, furthers one’s goal and thereby enables humans to escape a deterministic world.

PET scans, MRI and EEG look at evidence that the brain does reflect the nature of relationship sensitivity, physical and emotional challenges and eons of evolution. For the EEG one arena, sleep states; have been very well documented. Eventually waking states of conscious will be as well investigated.

As in many areas of medicine much has been learned from symptoms. Diseases have taught us about the functioning of the different parts of the brain. Neither of the brain’s two information systems, chemical nor electrical has a one to one correspondence with functional states in the human. Rather the state of the body reflects the overall adaptation that any individual has made. Certain areas bind anxiety, and no one area can reflect a life history. An EEG may give us more insight into the overall way that feelings and thinking have been integrated and how we pay attention.

In 1929, Hans Berger measured the brain’s electrical activity. The activity was recorded in the form of line waves and now these same waves can be fed back to the brain as information. EEG Neurofeedback is a relatively new discipline that enables us to understand how the brain functions and also promotes the brain’s ability to learn from observing itself.

Neurofeedback has been documented to be useful for serious symptoms. People have been able to function after sever head trauma. Epileptics have been taught to reduce the severity and numbers of seizures. Headaches, and other types of physical pain, have been reduced. In addition to physical symptoms, emotional and physical symptoms, such as ADD, have been reported to decrease by Lubar, Tansy and others. There are a wide number of manufactures of equipment and most have reported positive results in working with various symptom groups.

Bowen Theory can go beyond symptoms to look at the relationship’s system and promote a larger systems view of EEG and the role of learning in an emotional system. Symptom reduction may simply be the evidence needed to show that EEG has merit. In the future EEG may in fact be a window to open the door to a broader systems perspective on the way in which relationship energy impacts of functioning.

Bowen Theory points to the fact that an individual function as a part of an emotional system. The fact that anxiety can be spread from one individual to another testifies to the increasing interest in self-regulation and self help. Individuals realize that anxiety is part of being alive in a relationship’s system and that altering the tendency to absorb others anxiety for the pleasure of being in positive relationships with another is often not worth the price that will be paid

The thesis would be that relationship’s systems organize the interplay of physical and emotional energy so that individuals within that system can live and work in some degree of harmony. The EEG is a tool, which can momentarily promote an increase in functioning in one individual. The relationship system will adjust. The individual must be strong enough to manage the resistance to change within the system. If this can be accomplished over time then other people who are emotionally linked will also be able to do better. The family as an emotional system maintains certain patter of relationships, which then reinforce broad patterns of brain wave activity.

At the most basic level EEG neurofeedback teaches motor skills and mental flexibility. Individuals can learn a variety of focused states plus enhance the ability to reflect on the consequences of particular thinking patterns. The training teaches the individual to enhance or inhibit certain brain wave patterns. Learning occurs through feedback which rewards increased self-control. The brain waves are seen as waves or as bars or graphs on a computer. Sensory feedback teaches the brain faster than the conscious mind can learn. Just watching and noticing how what one thinks or does effects the feedback this type of leaning appears to remain after one session. Leaning in this case may mean that the individual has less pain or more energy.

The individual who has a positive mental/physical experience may be learning to pay attention at multiple levels of awareness. For example, the thalamus may have received new messages and the basic rhythm of the system may be altered. New peptides may be produced. New information will be circulating. No one has the necessary evidence, the blood work, gene testing, pet scans, etc. to say for sure just what systems are changed by the EEG experience. Over time the individual has a greater ability to change automatic reactions to stimulus in the relationship system. For many people just this experience is enough to make a significant functional change possibly.

Read More This Blog :  Theoretical Implications of Neurofeedback Integrating Bowen Theory

BiofeedbackTraining New York

Where is biofeedback training available in New York?  That depends on what part of New York you are talking about and what kind of biofeedback training you are talking about.

New York is more than one place.  New York City is very different than Buffalo or Rochester.  Some parts of the state look more like the south than the city.

The other thing is, are you looking for training as a client or patient or as a student so that you can learn how to provide services?

If you are looking to be trained as a client because you have symptoms like headaches, anxiety, insomnia, or other symptoms that biofeedback is helpful for then you would be looking for a biofeedback provider.  The type of training is usually available from a psychologist, social worker, physical therapist, pain management specialist, or chiropractor.  You might be able to find them through a Google search.  You can also find a biofeedback provider in New York through the Northeast Regional Biofeedback Society.  This is an organization made up of biofeedback providers in the New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania areas.  There is a listing of these providers on their website www.nrbs.orgWhen you get to the site, click on the Find a Practitioner button.  You can also do searches on the Association of Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback www.aapb.org or Biofeedback Certification International Alliancewww.bcia.org

If you are looking for biofeedback training so that you can learn to provide biofeedback to clients then it is best to find an organization that is accredited to provide biofeedback training that meets the requirements of the Biofeedback Certification Alliance.  It is possible to find a university offering biofeedback training, but it is more likely that you will find more non-university programs available.  A listing of programs that are accredited is available on the www.bcia.org website.  These programs cover all of the didactic information required for you to learn.  Some of them also include lab sessions where you are able to learn how to use the equipment by practicing with it.  Some programs are offered in-person in New York.  Others are offered online for those who cannot or prefer not to travel away from home to attend.

I hope that these suggestions will help you find the type of biofeedback training you are looking for.

Harry L. Campbell

914-762-4646 – Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com

Biofeedback Resources International Corp.

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What is a Biofeedback Instrument?

 

A biofeedback instrument is a device that uses sensors to measure a signal from the body related to your nervous system that then shows you the information as it is being measured.  It is different than getting your blood pressure checked or taking your pulse and getting one reading for one moment in time.  The measurement and feedback of information are continuous.

This information can be used for monitoring and might not even be shown to the person that it is being measured from.  This is sometimes done in research.  Let’s say a researcher wants to find out how a person’s body reacts to watching a scary movie or counting backward by 7’s. They could attach sensors to a subject and monitor signals like heart rate or sweat activity to acquire a measurement related to the physiological reaction of the stimulus.  When used in this way it would be more accurate to refer to the process as physiological monitoring instead of biofeedback.

Biofeedback instruments are also used in certain types of therapy for things like pain and stress management or to improve attention or performance.  When they are used for these applications the person from who the sensors are measuring needs to be able to get visual or auditory feedback indicating the changes that are happening.  If the signal goes higher or lower the person gets a visual signal on the instrument or a computer that it may be connected to and or a sound that indicates the change.  With this information and some coaching from a therapist, the person can learn to change the signal.  They can learn to increase or decrease it using their mind.

What kind of signals can be measured from the body?

Surface EMG (Electromyography) – Action potentials produced when muscles contract.

Skin Temperature – Temperature increases when blood vessels dilate with relaxation and decreases when blood vessels constrict in response to stress.

Skin Conductance – Increases when sweat increases on the hands in response to emotional reaction.

Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability – Changes with changes in the autonomic nervous system.  It is related to vagal tone and can be affected by emotional state and breathing as well as physical activity

Respiration – Measures depth and rate of breathing.

Capnometer – Measures the amount of CO2 in the air that is exhaled through the nostrils into two tubes connected to an instrument.

EEG (Electroencephalograph) – Measures action potentials produced when neurons in the brain fire as part of their communication and function.

These are the most common signals that are measured with biofeedback instruments.  There are various manufacturers and models.  Some are self-contained, some interface with personal computers, and some work with smartphones and tablets.  Some are intended for professional use in a licensed health care office and others are designed to be used at home by non-professionals.

I hope that you now have a basic understanding of what a biofeedback instrument is and what it is used for.  Feel free to comment or ask questions.

Harry L. Campbell

914-762-4646 – Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com

Biofeedback Resources International Corp.

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Can Increasing the Daily Amount of Neurofeedback Training Improve the Clinical Outcome and Other Case Histories?

 R. Adam Crane BCIA, ACN, NRNP

The following case histories may have useful implications for neurofeedback because they imply possible clinical effectiveness with immune disorders, anorexia, and obsessive, compulsive disorders. In addition the neurofeedback timing strategies used suggest that the length, frequency and total number of sessions may be as important in achieving best neurotherapy results as titration is in the administration of medications.

 

A Dangerous Obsession

He had reached an advanced stage of anorexia. As a 54 year old construction worker, he was normally 6′ and a well muscled 155 lbs. At the beginning of therapy he was 118 lbs., eyes sunken, somewhat manic, claiming his diet of mostly lettuce was making him high and filling him with energy. He was almost completely isolated as his behavior had destroyed his marriage and alienated him from his friends. He had not worked for five years at his trade as he was on disability. He was almost broke even though he earned between sixty and one hundred thousand per year when he was working. He was obsessed with a well known cult which had counseled him to distance himself from his family, and against seeking therapeutic help. He had invested over $200,000.00, virtually his life savings, in the cults system of “therapy and enlightenment.”

He discussed the possibility of suicide on several occasions in the beginning and was experiencing many stress related disorders including sleeplessness, irritability, hyperactivity, intense loneliness, and much obsessive/compulsive symptomology including going over and over often unimportant details. He fluctuated between overtly aggressive, hyper behavior as he tried to convert people to his ideas, and passively aggressive behavior when individuals attempted to establish relationship with him. A strong concern at the beginning of therapy was that irreversible organ damage might have already occurred because of his complexion, gaunt, haunted appearance and the obviously massive loss of muscle tissue, even though he continued to exercise vigorously (as is the case with many anorexics). Biofeedback therapy was for him a desperate last resort.

Within three weeks of beginning neurofeedback training (adjunctive to counseling) his demeanor had changed remarkably, he had begun to gain weight and he entered enthusiastically into the life rebuilding process. He began sleeping better, felt much calmer and more optimistic, less lonely and isolated. He began to form new relationships and he was opening up and talking to people in ways that were impossible before. He wanted to report on his “Love Stories”. An interesting example follows: He would go to playgrounds and sit and watch children play. This made him feel so happy at times that he would weep. This appears to be healthy abreactive phenomena happening hours or days after actual neurofeedback training. People he met or had known before seemed to be easier to be with. He saw that he had changed and was giving others the chance to be affectionate and not blocking them with his rigidity, restlessness and passive aggression. He began to eat a more balanced diet and gained weight reaching 150 lbs. within the first year.

Although he had studied “meditation” extensively, he almost never did it because he felt it was boring and a waste of time. It was suggested that he forget about meditation as he knew it and just do the EEG work. After the first week he had learned enough to do his version of the “EEG work” without hooking up. He said that now instead of forcing himself to meditate he looks for opportunities to sit and simply make his alpha. He reports surprising benefits like those he had hoped to receive from meditation are flowing from these alpha sessions. He realizes now that what he had thought was meditation was not, because he was merely sitting still and straining to concentrate, which is why it was boring, unpleasant and flat.

He has since obtained his own EEG home trainer and continues a remarkable transformation of life style. Interestingly, at first he didn’t realize how important the EEG work was. Like many clients he discounted the neurotherapy and looked for other things to attribute his improvement to. This is common and frustrating for NFB practitioners. During the neurofeedback training he constantly wanted to talk. Instead, he was encouraged to train first and discuss later. The results spoke for themselves.

About nineteen months after he began neurofeedback therapy, he looked quite fit for his 56 years, his complexion was good and his personality, even his voice seemed remarkably changed. He was working full time and furthering his education pursuant to changing his profession. A follow up revealed that at age 60 he was continuing to work (maybe too hard) and he reports that he has solved his economic problems; and the combination of his working and investing will generate a considerable net worth within a relatively short time. He is engaged and intends to marry this year. He continues in the construction business and is unusually fit for his age. He believes neurofeedback and the counseling that accompanied it is responsible for saving and assisting him in transforming the quality of his life.

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Adding The Intelligence of the Heart in Performance Enhancement Training

R. Adam Crane BCIA Senior Fellow, BCIAEEG, NRNP Diplomate

Science of The Heart: The Role of the Heart in Human Performance

Introduction

For centuries the heart has been considered the source of emotion, courage and wisdom. Neurocardiology is the relatively new science of exploring the physiological mechanisms by which the heart communicates with the brain; thereby influencing information processing, perceptions, emotions and health. Neurocardiology asks questions such as: Why do people experience the feeling or sensation of love and other positive emotional states in the area of the heart, and what are the physiological ramifications of these emotions? How do stress and different emotional states affect the autonomic nervous system, the hormonal and immune systems, the heart and brain? Over the years scientists have experimented with different psychological and physiological measures, but consistently heart rate variability, or heart rhythms, stands out as one of the most dynamic and reflective measures of inner emotional states and stress.

It is clear that negative emotions lead to increased disorder in the heart’s rhythms and in the autonomic nervous system, thereby adversely affecting the rest of the body. In contrast, positive emotions create increased harmony and coherence in heart rhythms, and improve balance in the nervous system. The health implications are easy to understand. Disharmony in the nervous system leads to inefficiency and increased stress on the heart and other organs, while harmonious rhythms are more efficient and less stressful to the body’s systems.

More intriguing are the dramatic positive changes that occur when techniques are applied that increase coherence in rhythmic patterns of heart rate variability. These include shifts in perception and the ability to reduce stress, and deal more effectively with difficult situations. Apparently, the heart is acting as though it has a mind of its own, and is profoundly influencing the way we perceive and respond to the world. In essence, the heart is affecting intelligence and awareness.

There is now a scientific basis to explain how and why the heart affects mental clarity, creativity, emotional balance and personal effectiveness. Research indicates that the heart is far more than a simple pump. The heart is, in fact, a highly complex, self-organized information processing center with its own functional “brain” that communicates with and influences the cranial brain via the nervous system, hormonal system and other pathways. These influences profoundly affect brain function and most of the body’s major organs, and ultimately determine the quality of life.

Biofeedback researchers and practitioners are enthusiastic about the emergence of this new Biofeedback tool. Like Neurofeedback, Heart Rate Variability’s (HRV) simple technical name belies its power and importance in the rapidly evolving field of life, performance enhancement and longevity. However, its effectiveness is amplified even more when combined with Neurofeedback training Miami. Heart rate variability is a measure of the naturally occurring beat-to-beat changes in heart rate, a powerful, noninvasive measure of autonomic nervous system function and an indicator of neurocardiac fitness. The heart and brain maintain a continuous two-way dialogue, with each influencing the other’s functioning. It is now known that the signals the heart sends the brain can influence perception, emotional processing, and higher cognitive functions. Let’s start with a simplified discussion before we dig deeper into the hard science and technical jargon.

Throughout history philosophers have asserted that “when the heart enters the brain wisdom emerges”. Now, neurocardiology has demonstrated that there are physiological correlation’s for this ancient concept. Furthermore, these discoveries have been translated into a fascinating and enjoyable form of Biofeedback with enormous potential. Part of the reason for this potential is that people are attracted to the simple, common sense notion that there is something that can be done to assure that their thinking will be positively influenced by their hearts. Of course, heart represents one’s humanity, compassion, wisdom etc., but most people are keenly aware that feelings in the heart profoundly affects health.

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MyoTrac | Online Biofeedback Training

 MyoTrac packs extreme sensitivity into a light, compact unit that works for you and your patient in the clinic or home. It is ideal for clinical assessment as well as for self-training. MyoTrac allows total freedom of movement for ambulatory exercises and provides a bright light bar and proportional tone biofeedback. The unit is accurate and reliable. MyoTrac offers three sensitivity ranges for muscle strengthening, rehabilitation or relaxation therapy, and provides stable readings in less than a second.

Features:

• The highly-sensitive MyoScan active sensor needs no skin preparation
• Two modes of biofeedback – LED and 5 way tone – provide flexibility
• 5 way tone feedback includes proportional, above and below threshold and 4-second delay
  
  
  ed alarm
• 13-segment LED bargraph offers expanded range for precise visual feedback
• Wide and narrow bandpass filters provide precise monitoring of normal and fatiguing muscles and eliminate heart-beat artifact
• 0 to 2 Volts DC output allows to connect to third party equipment and permits computerized monitoring
• Low current consumption provides long battery life

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Biofeedback and Neurofeedback for Veterans

 Veterans are given honor for their service in many settings.  One example I notice is when I am traveling by air.  Veterans are thanked for their service and are allowed to board before other passengers.  They are also honored on Veterans Day.  They deserve it for their sacrifice to serve our country.

Many of them pay a great price and suffer with lingering physical and mental symptoms related to their service.  Some of the symptoms that I am aware of that some veterans live with include Anxiety, PTSD, Chronic Pain, Headaches, Insomnia, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and substance dependance/abuse.

These all happen to be symptoms that biofeedback or neurofeedback can be helpful with.  Using this technology along with coaching, mindfulness, relaxation techniques and other therapies can help to reduce these symptoms.  The Veterans Administration through their VA medical centers and various branches of the military have been using biofeedback and neurofeedback for decades.  Much of this in the past, had been done by individual practitioners or small groups within these large organizations that had an interest in using these tools.  More recently, the Veterans Administration has created a Whole Health initiative which makes biofeedback, neurofeedback, and other interventions like yoga, meditation, acupuncture an official part of treatment that is offered to the veterans they serve.

Since then, I have seen more of an effort to prepare more providers within the VA system to be able to provide these services.  It has become fairly common for biofeedback to be offered for headaches, pain, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD.  I am starting to see more of an interest in neurofeedback for insomnia, PTSD, pain, substance abuse, and TBI.  Neurofeedback requires additional training and equipment, especially to be able to provide brain mapping assessments to aid in treatment planning.

Most traditional training programs required students to be sent to a site, usually out of town, to be trained over a period of several days.  That wasn’t much of a problem when it was only one or two people to send.  Now that facilities are training groups of four to as many as 20, it becomes much more of a challenge.  New options are available now to help with this issue.  Students can attend online training.  This reduces the cost and hassle of travel for multiple students as well as having many staff members out of town at the same time.  For groups that prefer in-person training like I do, there is onsite training where the instructor comes to the facility and trains the group at their place.  This can be very efficient and it allows for the positive experience of training in person including equipment labs.

I expect that many more veterans and military service people will be getting to take advantage of these effective therapies as more providers get trained and equipped to provide these services.

Harry L. Campbell

914-762-4646 – Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com, Youtube

Biofeedback and Neurofeedback Training Options

 There are several options for people who are interested in receiving training in biofeedback and neurofeedback for certification through the BCIA (Biofeedback Certification International Alliance).  Each has pros and cons.  I will discuss several options in this article.

University programs:

There are some universities that offer biofeedback training.  These programs are usually more detailed because they are being provided in an academic setting over a relatively long period of time.  They can provide a very thorough learning experience including hands-on lab experiences.  They can be a good option for individuals and you get to meet and work with other people with like interests.  They may be more expensive than other options and are not practical if you have a group of people who need to be trained together.

In-Person public seminars:

These are provided by private companies or organizations, usually for-profit, who are accredited by the BCIA to provide didactic training that counts towards certification.  These are usually offered over several consecutive days so that they can be completed in a short amount of time.  They tend to include lab opportunities to work with equipment.  They may be less detailed and thorough because of the short time in which they are completed.  They may be less expensive than a university program.  Sometimes people from the same facility may be sent to attend the same seminar so that they can learn together.  In this format you can also meet other people and learn with them.

Online Training:

These can either be open to the public or for private groups.  They are also provided by private companies or organizations.  Universities may also be offering these programs.  They can cost less, mostly due to savings on travel and lodging.  Timing can vary.  They may be offered over long consecutive days like the in-person sessions discussed above or they can be offered over non-consecutive shorter days to reduce screen fatigue.  These programs are convenient because you don’t have to go anywhere to attend.  They can be less engaging because you are not in the room with the instructor or other attendees.  You also don’t get a chance to have labs where you get to work with the equipment unless you already have equipment or you rent equipment for the session.  Learning to use the biofeedback or neurofeedback equipment is as important as the book learning so you will still need to arrange for getting that done.  Multiple people from the same organization can attend and there would be less expense than if attending in person.

Onsite Training:

This type of biofeedback or neurofeedback training is like the public in-person training except it is provided at the customer site only for their invited students.  The instructor travels to the customer site to train the group.  This might be done at a large private practice, hospital, university, or other facility like a veterans or military medical facility with multiple providers who want or need to be trained.It allows for multiple students to be trained together without travel and lodging expenses.  They get to learn with other people who they work with though they don’t get to meet and learn with others.

I hope that this review will be helpful in deciding which type of training will be the best option to get the training you need to learn biofeedback or neurofeedback and to qualify for BCIA certification.

Harry L. Campbell

914-762-4646 – Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com

Biofeedback Resources International Corp.

Reasons to Reduce Stress | Stress Minimizing Books

Stress is unavoidable, right?  That is a practical reality.  We can’t totally avoid stress as long as we are alive in this world.   We can reduce our exposure to stress.  We can counteract stress by doing relaxation exercises, yoga, exercise, meditation, and other things like biofeedback.

Why is it worth the effort to reduce or manage stress?  Here are a few reasons.

Cardiovascular disease:  Stress can cause constriction of blood vessels which leads to increased blood pressure.  It can also cause plaque to build up in the arteries causing them to be less flexible.  This can lead to heart disease, strokes, and heart attacks.

Physical Pain:  When some people are under stress, they tense some of their muscles unnecessarily and chronically.  Muscles are intended to cause the body to move and to maintain posture.  When they are not working for those purposes, they should be resting.  When muscles contract for a long period of time they can trigger pain.  If a person is tensing their muscles as a reaction to stress for a long enough time, they may experience pain.  This is often experienced as neck pain, back pain, or headaches because of chronic tension in the face, neck, and back muscles.

Sleep problems: When a person is stressed a lot during the day, they may develop problems falling asleep and or staying asleep.  Being physically tense and mentally anxious at bedtime makes it more difficult to get a good night’s sleep.  Sleep may be improved if you reduce stress.  It is very important to get enough sleep for good mental and physical health.

Cognitive function problems: Chronic stress has been shown to reduce connections between neurons in the brain and actually reduce the size of important parts of the brain.  Even short-term stress affects our ability to think clearly.  You probably can remember times that you were under stress and had difficulty with schoolwork or mental work on your job.

There are many more negative effects that stress can have on us.  The ones listed above should make the point.  For much, much more on the negative effects of stress on your body, check out the works of Robert Sapolsky, Ph.D. including a 24-lecture video program by The Great Courses company entitled Stress and Your Body.  I just wanted to give a few important examples.

We encounter multiple sources of stress every day.  It is important that we do things to reduce the negative effects of stress daily so that we don’t suffer these negative effects.  By doing this we will not only avoid physical and mental health symptoms.  We will also improve our quality and enjoyment of life.

Harry L. Campbell

914-762-4646 – Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com

Biofeedback Resources International Corp.

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Neurofeedback Training for Concussions | Neurofeedback Certification

 Concussions happen in many ways including sports and motor vehicle accidents, slip and falls, military blast injuries, and physical assaults.  Effective treatment methods are limited.  Because a concussion involves an injury to the brain, it makes sense that therapies should involve the brain.  Neurofeedback training is a therapy that helps to regulate dysfunctional activity in the brain that might be causing symptoms.

When the brain operates it produces electric impulses that can be measured by neurofeedback instruments.  These instruments then display the information from various parts of the brain.  If the information shows that the brain is not functioning normally, the software can encourage the brain to go back to functioning in a more effective way.  With this neurofeedback training symptoms tend to resolve.

In their book, Conquering Concussion, Healing TBI Symptoms with Neurofeedback and Without Drugs, Mary Lee Esty, Ph.D., and C.M. Shifflett talk about this in-depth.  Here is a list of symptoms that they include in their book that brain injuries can cause: headaches, impulsivity, fatigue, confusion, memory problems, slowed thinking, focus, insomnia, anxiety, anger, explosiveness, phobias, dizziness, mood swings, indecision, concentration, light sensitivity, slow speech, depression, nightmares, and risk-taking.

Neurofeedback training is non-invasive.  It uses electrodes or sensors that are placed on the scalp either individually or with a cap or headset.  The sensors only measure activity coming from the brain.  No electricity is introduced into the brain through the electrodes.  There are some exceptions to this.  Some forms of neurofeedback use CES – cranial electrical stimulation which puts a mild electrical current into the head or Electro-Magnetic stimulation which introduces a magnetic field into the head.  When you are researching neurofeedback training, equipment, or therapy you should ask questions about what method is being used and if it is non-invasive or not.

Many neurofeedback providers conduct a brain map before starting training.  This involves placing a cap or headset on the head and recording the EEG from 12 or more areas of the brain.  This data is then compared to a normative database to determine how close the activity is to the average of similar brains of people without clinical symptoms.  A report is produced that indicates which areas have normal, lower than normal, and higher than normal activity for various measures.  Based on this information and the symptoms the person presents with, a training protocol is set.  The person then attends training sessions 1-3 times per week for a total of about 30 sessions.  Sometimes less and sometimes more sessions are required.

Most of the professionals who provide the service are psychologists, social workers, and mental health counselors.  Some chiropractors and others also provide the service.  Training and certification are available for those who want to provide the service.

For more information on neurofeedback training and certification, you can send me an email or call.

Harry L. Campbell, BPS, BCB, BCN

President, Biofeedback Resources International Corp.

Harry@biofeedbackinternational.com

914-762-4646

www.biofeedbackinternational.com

Author of What Stress Can Do, Available on Amazon.com